See wrangling on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "content wrangling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "data wrangling"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"wranglyng",
"wranglyng#Middle_English"
],
[
"wranglinge",
"wranglinge#Middle_English"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wranglyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wranglyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wrangle",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "wrangle + -ing",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wranglyng, wranglinge, equivalent to wrangle + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wranglings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "wrangling (countable and uncountable, plural wranglings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 26 32 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 43 23 15 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 43 30 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 43 30 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 44 43 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 53 26 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 56 28 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contention; gainstriving"
],
"id": "en-wrangling-en-noun-ZuhBVajU",
"links": [
[
"contention",
"contention"
],
[
"gainstriving",
"gainstriving"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 26 32 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 22 37 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 54 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 51 11 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 44 43 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dispute; disputation; quarreling"
],
"id": "en-wrangling-en-noun-iRZWCOAJ",
"links": [
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
],
[
"disputation",
"disputation"
],
[
"quarreling",
"quarreling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 26 32 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dispute; a contentious argument; a brawl"
],
"id": "en-wrangling-en-noun-ecwr8AyI",
"links": [
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"brawl",
"brawl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"*-onts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-onts"
],
[
"*-andz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ndz"
],
[
"*-andī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-andī"
],
[
"-ende",
"-ende#Old_English:_participle"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_gerund_noun"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_present_participle"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ndz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-andī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ende\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"gerund noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wrangling\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wrangling\">\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
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},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wrangling",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 26 32 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 32 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wrangle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of wrangle"
],
"id": "en-wrangling-en-verb-fayyu~6D",
"links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"*-onts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-onts"
],
[
"*-andz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ndz"
],
[
"*-andī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-andī"
],
[
"-ende",
"-ende#Old_English:_participle"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_gerund_noun"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_present_participle"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ndz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-andī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ende\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"gerund noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wrangling\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wrangling\">\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
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},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wrangling",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wrangling",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wrangling (comparative more wrangling, superlative most wrangling)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "unwrangling"
},
{
"word": "wranglingly"
}
],
"id": "en-wrangling-en-adj-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ing",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "content wrangling"
},
{
"word": "data wrangling"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"wranglyng",
"wranglyng#Middle_English"
],
[
"wranglinge",
"wranglinge#Middle_English"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wranglyng"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wranglyng",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wrangle",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "wrangle + -ing",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wranglyng, wranglinge, equivalent to wrangle + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wranglings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "wrangling (countable and uncountable, plural wranglings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"contention; gainstriving"
],
"links": [
[
"contention",
"contention"
],
[
"gainstriving",
"gainstriving"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dispute; disputation; quarreling"
],
"links": [
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
],
[
"disputation",
"disputation"
],
[
"quarreling",
"quarreling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a dispute; a contentious argument; a brawl"
],
"links": [
[
"dispute",
"dispute"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"brawl",
"brawl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"*-onts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-onts"
],
[
"*-andz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ndz"
],
[
"*-andī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-andī"
],
[
"-ende",
"-ende#Old_English:_participle"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_gerund_noun"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_present_participle"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ndz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-andī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ende\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"gerund noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wrangling\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wrangling\">\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wrangling",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wrangle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of wrangle"
],
"links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)",
"English verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unwrangling"
},
{
"word": "wranglingly"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"*-onts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-onts"
],
[
"*-andz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ndz"
],
[
"*-andī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-andī"
],
[
"-ende",
"-ende#Old_English:_participle"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_gerund_noun"
],
[
"-ynge",
"-ynge#Middle_English:_present_participle"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
],
[
"wrangle",
"wrangle#English"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing#English:_participial"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ndz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-andī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ende\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"gerund noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ynge\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wrangling\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wrangling\">\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wrangle",
"4": "-ing<id:participial>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish wrangle\nProto-Indo-European *-onts\nProto-Germanic *-andz\nProto-West Germanic *-andī\nOld English -ende\n▲\nMiddle English -yngeinflu.\nMiddle English -ynge\nEnglish -ing\nEnglish wrangling\nFrom wrangle + -ing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wrangling",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wrangling",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wrangling (comparative more wrangling, superlative most wrangling)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɹɛəŋ.ɡlɪŋ]",
"note": "/æ/raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-wrangling.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg/En-us-wrangling.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-wrangling.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡə.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæŋ.ɡlɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡə.ləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɛŋ.ɡləŋ/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
}
],
"word": "wrangling"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wrangling meaning in All languages combined (12.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.